Time required to transmit a frame from an ingress UNI to an egress UNI is called what?

• A. Inter-frame Delay Variation
• B. Frame Loss Ratio
• C. Availability
• D. Frame Delay

Answer: (D)

End-to-end frame delay is the time a frame takes to travel from the ingress UNI to the egress UNI. It includes serialization/transmission time, propagation through the path, queuing, and processing at each hop. This directly answers “time required to transmit a frame from an ingress UNI to an egress UNI.”

Inter-frame delay variation refers to the jitter between consecutive frames, not the absolute transit time. Frame loss ratio is the fraction of frames that are dropped. Availability is about whether the service is up and reachable.